THE BIG LEBOWSKI
FACTORY TOUR


Date: 12th February, 2016

It was on a bright but chilly Friday afternoon that we found ourselves in a light industrial park in the village of Aalten in the east of the Netherlands, close to the German border.

We are here as guests of Dutch Pinball to see Ara, the manufacturing company chosen to build their The Big Lebowski pinball, and to show you what we saw.

Ara is formed from a group of smaller companies each specialising in a different part of the manufacturing process, and we began our visit in one of their office buildings across the street from the factory.

The Ara office block opposite the factory
The Ara office block opposite the factory

Inside, four The Big Lebowski prototype machines were set up for guests to enjoy, along with hot and cold drinks, a commemorative cake, a Dutch apple pie, and plenty of stroopwafels.

The four prototype machines
The four prototype machines

Afternoon tea and cakes
Afternoon tea and cakes

Once everyone was assembled, Jaap Nauta from Dutch Pinball welcomed them and explained the schedule for the rest of the day.

Jaap welcomes everyone to the Ara facility in Aalten
Jaap welcomes everyone to the Ara facility in Aalten

VIP guests
VIP guests

Then Walter te Brake from Ara spoke about the manufacturing process, how the factory is laid out, and how the various parts will be brought together to make a complete game.

Walter spoke about how the games will be built
Walter spoke about how the games will be built

The plan to move from prototypes to production machines
The plan to move from prototypes to production machines

Walter introduces more members of the Ara team working on the game
Walter introduces more members of the Ara team working on the game

You can watch Walter's presentation in this video shot by Rens Hooijmaijers.

Then the tour of the Ara facility began, starting with the design studio which is located in the same office block.

The design of the hardware in SolidWorks
The design of the hardware in SolidWorks and the associated bill of materials

A custom test fixture to stress test the electronics
A custom test fixture to stress test the electronics

Then it was time to cross the street and explore the factory where the games will be built.

The Ara factory
The Ara factory

Guests were split into two groups where, as a courtesy to non-Dutch speakers, one tour was conducted in English.

The right-hand side of the factory deals with metal cutting, bending and fabrication, while the left side handles the electrical and electronic manufacturing and construction. We began in the metal working area on the right.

The welding area
The welding area

Although this area deals with cutting, welding, smoothing and bending of metals, it was remarkably clean.

The metal bending presses
The metal bending presses

A steel pinball apron is bent into the correct shape
A steel pinball apron is bent into the correct shape

Completed under-playfield bowling alley casings
Completed under-playfield bowling alley casings

Subway assemblies before they are bent to the correct shape
Subway assemblies before they are bent to the correct shape

Before they are formed into the correct shape, the metal parts begin as a flat sheet of metal which is then laser-cut and perforated.

The sheet metal racks
The sheet metal racks

The two laser cutters
The two laser cutters

These two Trumatic 600L laser cutter both feature 6KW lasers and an array of drilling or punching bits to produce the metal pieces you saw above.

The laser head
The laser head

Some fun sample pieces
Some fun sample pieces

Another Ara building a little further up the street provides powder coating for those metal parts which need it. Meanwhile, we moved into the other half of the factory where the electrical and electronic work is undertaken.

The electrical and electronic assembly area
The electrical and electronic assembly area

The stock room
The stock room

Ara operates a 'lean production' method where assemblies are either created or delivered as needed, just in time for them to be incorporated into the finished product. That means they don't need to hold large quantities of stock for the assembly process, although our guide, Erik Wildenbeest, said that under EU law they are required to make replacement parts available for ten years after the product is manufactured.

That said, some parts brought in from overseas needed to be sent in larger quantities and kept in the factory.

Plastic trim parts and The Big Lebowski rugs
Plastic trim parts and The Big Lebowski rugs

They really tied the factory together
They really tied the factory together

The cabinet and backbox assembly areas were a short distance away.

Cabinets and backboxes
Cabinets and backboxes

Empty cabinets
Empty cabinets

Cabinet artwork
Cabinet artwork

Empty cabinets
Empty cabinets

The coin door end
The coin door end

Coin door artwork
Coin door artwork

A part-populated cabinet with the bowling assembly
A part-populated cabinet with the bowling assembly

The bowling assembly
The bowling assembly inside the metal case we saw earlier

The mechanics of the bowling assembly
The mechanics of the bowling assembly

The bass speaker has dual feeds
The bass speaker has dual feeds

On the side of the factory furthest from the metalworking area is the section where the electronics are built and tested. The whole area is highly static-sensitive, so special clothing has to be worn and the floor is conductive to help prevent any static discharges.

The electronics manufacturing area
The electronics manufacturing area

Ara takes electronic components, inserts them into printed circuit boards, solders them, tests them and then installs them in their products. The components come either on reels or in easy-to-pick containers.

The components store
The components store

Before they are installed, the components are tested by this My 200LX tester
Before they are installed, components are tested by this My 200LX tester

This picking machine then inserts the tested components into the appropriate holes in the PCB
This picking machine then inserts the tested components into
the appropriate holes in the PCB

The populated boards then go into this Solano wave soldering machine
The populated boards then go into this Solano wave soldering machine, where they pass through a wave of molten solder to attach the components to the PCB

Once cooled, the boards go through a testing phase where all the functions are checked. There is also a stress-testing room where boards are operated an extreme high or low temperatures to determine their safe operating range.

The stress-testing room
The stress-testing room

Then we come to the playfield assembly area.

An unpopulated playfield is checked
An unpopulated playfield is checked

A box of playfields from High Class Pinballs
A box of playfields from High Class Pinballs

Playfield parts
Playfield parts

Let's go bowling!
Let's go bowling!

A partially populated prototype playfield
A partially populated prototype playfield

It's important to note here that all the machines shown in this article are prototypes of one kind or another, even the games set up for guests to play. Numerous small changes are being made to the hardware, and some, all, or none of them are incorporated in the machines you see here.

We will, however, point out a few of the more obvious cosmetic changes a little later.

A more advanced playfield
A more advanced playfield

A near-complete playfield
A near-complete playfield

The view from the flippers
The view from the flippers

Under the playfield
Under the playfield

The ball trough and flipper assemblies
The ball trough and flipper assemblies

The playfield window and slingshot kickers
The playfield window and slingshot kickers

There are some interesting features under the playfield.

Two large PCBs cover most of the surface. These contain the surface-mount LEDs to illuminate the inserts, as well as power distribution for the 48V used to drive the solenoids.

The MOSFETs which drive the solenoids are mounted in various groups across both boards, but there is quite a bit of redundancy, with extra MOSFETs available in case any of the original ones fail. If that happens, a solenoid can be plugged into an adjacent output and the software told to use a different driver for that coil.

Spare high power outputs
Spare high power outputs

The 48V DC used for the coils comes from a switching power supply in the backbox. These are great for constant, steady current draws, but could struggle when dealing with sudden increases in current draw, such as when a flipper flips.

So there is an extra 10,000uF capacitor mounted on the front PCB which is dedicated to the flippers' 48V feed to provide extra power when it is needed.

The electrolytic capacitor for the flippers
The electrolytic capacitor for the flippers

All switches and solenoids plug into one of the PCBs
All switches and solenoids plug into one of the PCBs

The playfield's features are run by the P3-ROC pinball control system made by Pinball Controllers. The P3-ROC board plugs into the larger of the two under-playfield PCBs, where it interfaces with the solenoid drivers, switch inputs and LED controllers.

The P3-ROC board
The P3-ROC board

Drivers and fuses are on the main PCB, with all fuses having associated LEDs
Drivers and fuses are on the main PCB, with all fuses having associated LEDs to show if a fuse is blown

The fuse list is also printed on the PCB
The fuse list is also printed on the PCB

Although the solenoid drivers are on the main PCB, driving the LEDs is handled by another Pinball Controllers daughter-board, the PD-LED. There are two of these under the playfield, each one capable of controlling up to 84 individual LEDs or 24 RGB LEDs, providing solid, flashing and fading effects.

One of the two PD-LED boards
One of the two PD-LED boards

Next to the P3-ROC on the main PCB are a couple of downward-facing RGB LEDs which are used to illuminate the bowling alley mechanism.

Lighting for the bowling alley
Lighting for the bowling alley

If there's been one major growth area in home pinball over the past few years it has been add-on mods - either home grown, from third parties, or even manufacturer supplied.

In recognition of this, and to provide a better, more official means to add them, Dutch Pinball has provided a dedicated mods header, although it comes with a use-at-your-own-risk warning.

Mods now have their own port
Mods now have their own port

The very back of the playfield contains most of the playfield hardware and so isn't covered by a PCB. Devices up here have longer cables feeding back to the main PCB instead.

The subway and the rug drive shaft
The subway and the rug drive shaft

As it is hit, the rolled-up rug moves backwards to eventually reveal a scoop
As it is hit, the rolled-up rug moves backwards to eventually reveal a scoop

The rug drive motor
The rug drive motor

Here's an overview of the whole playfield.

The underside of the playfield
The underside of the playfield

Then it's over to the backboxes.

Empty backboxes awaiting assembly
Empty backboxes awaiting assembly

Backbox artwork
Backbox artwork


Inside the backbox

Inside the backbox we have five modules. Starting at the top left there is an ASRock Q1900-ITX mini-ITX PC mainboard, containing a passively-cooled Intel Celeron processor and built-in graphics.

The ASRock mainboard
The ASRock mainboard

The mainboard connects to the P3-ROC controller board under the playfield, and between them they run the whole game, with the P3-ROC driving the solenoids and LEDs, and reading the switches, while the PC generates the display animations, triggers the sounds, and runs the game's ruleset.

Power for the mainboard and various other boards comes from a Cooler Master G550M ATX power supply mounted next to the mainboard. This contains a variable-speed 120mm fan which, while quiet, will most-likely produce a little noise which might be audible when the game is inactive.

The backbox parts shelves
The backbox parts shelves

To the right of the ATX PSU is the Mean Well RSP-500-48 passively-cooled switching power supply, which provides the 48V for the coils at a maximum of 10.5A.

The 48V supply
The 48V supply

The mainboard, ATX power supply and the 48V supply are all stock parts, but at the bottom left is a custom sound board and amplifier.

The Dutch Pinball sound board
The Dutch Pinball sound board

The team said they originally planned to use the mainboard's built-in sound generation and only add an amplifier, but the output from the mainboard was quite electrically noisy, so they added sound generation capabilities to the amplifier board instead.

The sound board connects via USB to the mainboard and acts like any other external sound card. There are four outputs - two to the speaker panel speakers, and two for the bass speaker we saw earlier. 12V power for the board comes from the AX power supply.

We said there were five devices, and the fifth is an SSD drive containing the game code, the Linux operating system - earlier prototype games used Windows, but the transition has now been made to Linux - and all the video or audio assets.

The speaker panel contains a pair of wide-range speakers, but the panel is dominated by the large LCD display.

The speaker panel
The speaker panel

This is a custom-made display, which means it is exactly the right size, with no overhang. The top two-thirds is covered by deep metal box which contains the electronics and controls to adjust the brightness and contrast. The display is fed from the VGA output of the mainboard.

Power for the game comes in at the rear of the backbox, with the main power switch under the right-bottom corner, just like Stern's Spike system.

One thing you may have noticed is any backlighting for the game's translite. That's because the translite is edge-lit from the bottom by a single row of white LEDs which mounts in the bottom plastic channel.

.Translite LED lighting
Translite LED lighting

The strip of LEDs
The strip of LEDs

A special backing distributes the light evenly across the translite. It works very well, although inevitably there is a slight pattern of darkening at the very bottom between the individual LEDs. However, this is quite well hidden by the rug pattern.

The illuminated translite
The illuminated translite

The bottom of the translite
The bottom of the translite

The tour ended with the prototype playfields, as the guests returned to the offices across the street to play some more and toast an enjoyable and informative tour.

Back to the office for a drink
Back to the office for a drink

What else, but White Russians?
What else, but White Russians?

A hot meal was also provided as the event continued into the evening.

Pasta with various sauces, meatballs and salad
Pasta with various sauces, meatballs and salad

We mentioned earlier how there had been a few changes on the playfield. There is a new car model which is an accurate match for the one depicted in the playfield artwork.

The new car model
The new car model

The ball bowler's return lane which was previously a printed plastic is now real metal.

The new ball return
The new ball return

One of the darkest areas of the game has always been the rug. This is now much brighter thanks to a dedicated spotlight.

The rug spotlight
The rug spotlight

The rug mechanism has also been redesigned to make it more sensitive to ball hits.

One other lighting change makes a dramatic difference. Earlier games had 3 SMD LED devices for general illumination which, while bright, weren't so effective at dispersing light in all directions.

The game now uses white LEDs on the large circuit boards below the playfield, and a new style of 'light pipe' which site on top of the LED and transmits the light through the playfield and radiates it evenly. The top of the light pipe is frosted and domed, with a slight flange to hold it in its playfield hole, making it the same shape as a traditional LED.

General illumination with light pipes
General illumination with light pipes

And that brings us to the end of this report from the Dutch Pinball/Ara factory tour.

We will leave you with a look at some of the new display animations in this five minute video.

 

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